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Installation

Installation#

$ dnf install @virtualization

Starting the Service#

$ systemctl start libvirtd

Creating a Storage#

See Storage Management.

Sparse Raw File#

$ rm -f /var/lib/libvirt/images/guest.img
$ truncate --size=10240M /var/lib/libvirt/images/guest.img

QCOW2#

$ qemu-img create -f qcow2 /var/lib/libvirt/images/guest.qcow2 10240

Installing a Guest#

Installing QCOW2 Image#

To create a VM from a QCOW2 image:

$ virt-install --name <name> --memory 1024 --import --disk path=<image> --noautoconsole

Installing Fedora ISO#

To create a Fedora 28 VM:

$ virt-install \
    --name fedora \
    --memory 1024 \
    --disk path=/var/lib/libvirt/images/guest.qcow2,size=10 \
    --network bridge=virbr0 \
    --graphics vnc,listen=127.0.0.1,port=5901 \
    --cdrom /var/lib/libvirt/images/Fedora-Workstation-Live-x86_64-28-1.1.iso \
    --noautoconsole

Installing Debian ISO#

$ virt-install \
    --name debian \
    --memory 1024 \
    --disk size=10 \
    --cdrom /var/lib/libvirt/images/debian-9.5.0-amd64-netinst.iso

Connecting to VM#

Connect with VNC to 127.0.0.1:1.

$ dnf install spice-vdagent
$ systemctl start spice-vdagentd

Running KVM#

Start the VM with the following command:

$ virt-manager

Managing Virtual Machines#

To list running virtual machines:

$ virsh list

To show virtual machine configuration:

$ virsh dumpxml <machine>

To find the mac address:

$ virsh dumpxml <machine> | grep -i '<mac'

Managing Networks#

To display available networks:

$ virsh net-list

To show network configuration:

$ virsh net-dumpxml <network>

To configure port forwarding:

$ virsh net-edit <network>

Add a element as follows:

<network>
    <dhcp>
      <range start='192.168.124.<start>' end='192.168.124.<end>'/>
      <host mac='<mac address>' name='<machine>' ip='192.168.124.<n>'/>
    </dhcp>
  </ip>
</network>

Then restart the network:

$ virsh net-destroy default
$ virsh net-start default

If that doesn’t work, restart

$ virsh shutdown <machine>
$ systemctl restart libvirtd
$ virsh start <machine>
$ ping 192.168.124.<n>

Configuring Port Forwarding#

To configure port forwarding:

$ iptables -I FORWARD -o virbr0 -d 192.168.124.<n> -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -t nat -I PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to 192.168.124.<n>:8080
$ iptables -I FORWARD -o virbr0 -d 192.168.124.<n> -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.124.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
$ iptables -A FORWARD -o virbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -A FORWARD -i virbr0 -o lo -j ACCEPT

To verify port forwarding configuration:

$ iptables -n -L FORWARD
$ iptables -t nat -n -L PREROUTING
$ iptables -t nat -n -L POSTROUTING

To remove port forwarding:

$ iptables -D FORWARD -o virbr0 -d 192.168.124.<n> -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -t nat -D PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8080 -j DNAT --to 192.168.124.<n>:8080
$ iptables -D FORWARD -o virbr0 -d 192.168.124.<n> -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.124.0/24 -j MASQUERADE
$ iptables -D FORWARD -o virbr0 -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -D FORWARD -i virbr0 -o eth0 -j ACCEPT
$ iptables -D FORWARD -i virbr0 -o lo -j ACCEPT

References#

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